de

prep. (leniting), usually spelled do; for pronom. forms, etc., see Introduction p.29; generally expressing ablative relationship, ‘from’, ‘by’, ‘of’, ‘concerning’; after words expressing amount, kind, etc., such as ball, caibidil, cineól, cuid, gné, iomarcraidh, lán, nuimhir; after vbs. or vb. ns., beanaim, buain, do-gheibhim, do-ním, goirim, tigim; forming adv. or prep. phrase with foll. noun, see áirighthe, aois, aonta, briathar, brígh, díoth, éis, fiach, gnáth, gníomh, impidhe, Iúin, láthair, maitheas, oilithre, riar, taobh, toil, trócaire, uireasbhaidh; in expression of position, táobh stigh dhod dhoirrsibh 16.11-12; used partively as in gach aon dínn 24.12; dod ghrásaibh 36.1; in absol. init. pos., Do n-aibhghitir ghaoidhelge 6.3; sim. 8.13, 10.5; do mhaithfeachas d’fhághbháil dínn féinn “of ourselves” 27.16-17

prep. +dat.; before noun. >do; before gach bhar n- >dá 18 2; +pron. díom; díot, -d: de; di; dí(o)nn; díbh; dí(o)bh; For uses cf. TS, also, of agent after vn. 31 10; is díobh mé 73 2, 82 6; de (or do ?) as, by way of 67 34, 92 1; d'éan-, don chéad- at one, the first ... 60 12, 40, 89 19; uch, dia do, what a ... 14 6; do mhéad a mhaithmhighe 58 6 n; dá mhéad mholfad é 58 6 n; ríghe dá mhéad 58 6 n; beanaim, leanaim, tigim, etc. de vid. beanaim, etc. -de (prep.+3 sg. pron.), used enclitically after comparatives, mói-, lughai-, meis- (<measa), “by it,” “on account of it,” the “it” referring to what follows. This may be a noun or pronoun, or prep. pron. or a verb-noun clause, or a clause introduced by go, nach, má, muna, or an independent clause; cf. 6 11, 8 30, 31, 28 12, 77 13, 84 26; the -de may be omitted, cf. 58 8, 67 5, 69 13, 88 34, 100 5, 17.

prep., of, from, etc. With 2 sg. suffix díod, 148, díot, 939; 1st pl. díonn, 1368, 1511.

rfh.; >do, 1802; ＋forainm: dhé (sic), 895, 2890, di, 3976, 4253, dhi, 29, 6940, dhí, 1424, díoph, 756, 1010, 1787, 3150, dhíoph, 1284.

prep., from; [not, however, used here as a simple prep., for which do is always substituted, 59, 3021; hence also], with the article, it is written don, 78, 411; dona, 5983-84; with pron. díom, 2707; díot, 4134; de (masc.), 678; di (fem.), 317; dí, 61; dínn, 3306; díobh, 198; with poss. dá, 130, 259; before gach, dá, 4085, but do, 678. Used, 1. in ablative or genitive relation, after (a) verbs of taking away from, releasing, throwing; springing, arising out of, etc., a lúth...do bhuain di, 1087; cf. 1377, 1383, 1456, 1462; do chuir...dona haltóiribh, 819; na saobh-chrotha chuireas an bás díobh, 934; ré ndol don domhan so, 3709; éirghe do lár, 63; sgaoileadh dhíom, 2707; teilgeas do chlár, 870, 1943; tiocfaidh dhe sin, 188; teacht do pheacadh, 3021; cf. 401, 411, 496, 635; tuitim do shliabh, 59; gur thuit...dhínn, 3305; often in advbl., de sin, 681; dá bhríogh sin, ‘owing to that,’ 130;--(b) after verbs of inquiring from, do fhiafruigh dhe, 484; agá fhiafruighidh don impire, 668; of taking effect on, an tan ghabhas an bás greim dhíobh, 518; of cleaving, adhering to, ag leanmhain díobh, 3294; after aithnim, ‘I order,’ do aithin díobh, 437; gur haithneadh dhe, 3557; after verbs of filling, líonta d’airc, 1312 (cf. lán d’airc, 2048); (c) of making x out of y, see do-ním (d); in idiomatic usage with goirim, léigim, tigim; dá ngoirthear, ‘which is called,’ 277, 1694; ní thig sin díom, ‘that comes not from me’ = ‘I cannot do that,’ 7714; muna dtigeadh dhe, ‘unless he was able,’ 358; léigim díom, ‘I let slip, pretermit,’ with gan before verbal noun: an té léigeas de gan bheith ag smuaineadh, 209; léigfeamaoid dínn gan teacht tharsa, 294;--2. of extensive usage partitively, ag druing dona daoinibh, 51; an mhéid...dhíobh, 14; gur mhó do shochar, 241; taoiseach dá mhuinntir, 259; ní do thoradh, 297; crithir do chuimhne, 348; éin-spréidh do theine, 391; muirear cuingreach don úir, 444; cia dhíobh, 122, 668 (but, cia dhíobh beathadhadh nó duine bhíos ann, ‘whether it is a beast or a man,’ 746); duine do chéad, ‘one out of a hundred,’ 1970; often in the construction, gach...dá; cf. gach aicme dar chin uaidh, 10; gach ní dá gcuirfeam, 35; gach ainiarsma oile dá bhfuil, 505; or without gach in negat. sentences, 1116, 1797, 1928. 3. Frequently used before subst. to form advbl. or prepositional phr.: cf. d’áirithe, 447; do ghnáth, ‘usually,’ 342; do ghréas, ‘always,’ 2276; do ghníomh, ‘in effect,’ 3043; dom iúl, ‘to my knowledge,’ 2091; dá gach leith, ‘on every side,’ 1731; dá leith chlí, ‘on his left,’ 4090; do shíor, ‘perpetually,’ 220;--as cpd. prep., cf. do bhíthin, 2685; do bhríogh, ‘by virtue of,’ 252; do chionn, ‘for the sake of,’ 1942; do dhíoth, ‘for lack of,’ 1577; d’easbaidh, ‘for want of,’ 4784; do dheóin, ‘at the pleasure of,’ 1889; do dhruim, ‘owing to,’ 3755; d’éis, ‘after,’ 921; do láthair, ‘in presence of,’ 1719; do nós, ‘after the manner of,’ 964; do reír, ‘in accordance with,’ 450; do shúil ré, ‘in expectation of,’ 8224; do thaoibh, ‘concerning,’ 1745, 1938; do thoisg, ‘in the matter of, on account of,’ 2140;--as conj.: do bhríogh go, ‘because,’ 2174; d’eagla go, ‘for fear that,’ 478; do réir mar, ‘according as,’ 7, 20. 4. Often used after verbs to denote the instrument or agency; cf. don tsleigh, ‘with the spear,’ 1003; oirneadh do thlacht, 1441; nach faiceann do rosgaibh, 1918; treaghdadh do bhearaibh, 1978; gabhaidh dá earball, 2608; dá sleaghaibh, 2614